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Saturday, December 29, 2012

Distribution Of R.F // MUst University



Distribution of Rheumatic Fever:
Rheumatic fever is common worldwide and responsible for many cases of damaged heart valves.
In Western countries, it became fairly rare since the 1960s, probably due to widespread use of antibiotics to treat streptococcus infections. While it has been far less common in the United States since the beginning of the 20th century, there have been a few outbreaks since the 1980s.
 Although the disease seldom occurs, it is serious and has a case-fatality rate of 2–5%.
Rheumatic fever primarily affects children between ages 5 and 17 years and occurs approximately 20 days after strep throat.
In up to a third of cases, the underlying strep infection may not have caused any symptoms.
The rate of development of rheumatic fever in individuals with untreated strep infection is estimated to be 3%. The incidence of recurrence with a subsequent untreated infection is substantially greater (about 50%).
 The rate of development is far lower in individuals who have received antibiotic treatment. Persons who have suffered a case of rheumatic fever have a tendency to develop flare-ups with repeated strep infections.
The recurrence of rheumatic fever is relatively common in the absence of maintenance of low dose antibiotics, especially during the first three to five years after the first episode. Heart complications may be long-term and severe, particularly if valves are involved.
Survivors of rheumatic fever often have to take penicillin to prevent streptococcal infection which could possibly lead to another case of rheumatic fever that could prove fatal.
IN Egypt : there is higher incidence and prevalence of R.F due to the high waves of urbarization and mass migration of population from rural areas to cities and towns resulting into a problem of bad housing and over-crowding increasing the number of slum areas..N.B Egypt is one of the countries which have highest mortality from rheumatic heart disease.

Thursday, March 1, 2012

اسره بصمات

اطعمه تعمل مدر طبيعي للبول
  • .خضراوات : كلخيار  ,الملفوف ,الخس ,الثوم,البقدونس
  •  فواكه : البطيخ والشمام والطماطم والكيوي  والأناناس والمانجو والتوت البري هي من الفواكه القليلة التي لها خصائص مدر للبول.
  •      الشاي الاخضر وخل التفاح

اطعمه سالبه للسعرات الحراريه 
 فواكه :تفاحة
     البطيخ
     التوت البري
     جريب فروت
     ليمون
     مانجو
     البرتقالي
     بابايا
     خوخ
     أناناس
     التوت
     فراولة
     اليوسفي
     طماطم
  . بطيخ
خضراوات :بنجر
بروكلي
الملفوف (الخضراء)
جزر
قرنبيط
كرفس
تشيلي الفلفل (حار)
خيار
ثوم
فاصوليا خضراء
الخس
بصل
فجل
سبانخ
لفت
كوسة.

 

محشى دايـــــــــــــت

المكونات :
بقدونس مفروم ناعم كمية مناسبة باقة من البقدونس
باقة من الكزبرة الخضراء
باقة من الشبت الاخضر
لمن يرغب نصف باقة نعنع مفروم ناعم
بصلة كبيرة الحجم او 2 بصلة متوسطة
ملح فلفل اسود كمون قرفة كزبرة ناشفة
ملعقة من زيت الزيتون
نصف كوب صغير من الارز المصري
عصير طماطم
2 حبة طماطم مقطعة مكعبات صغيرة

 الطريقه :
تفرم جميع الخضروات السابقة ناعم وتخلط جميع المقاجير وتقلب جيدا
يمن حشو جميع انواع المحشي بها
طعمها لذيذ ومقبول ولا يوجد فرق كبير بينها وبين المحشي العادي

ملحوظة :
يمكن لمن يرغب اضافة اللحم المفروم بدون دهن للخلطة السابقة

Some Tips to lose your weight  .
1- breakfast: the most important meal of the day, the suitable kind of food is egg whites with flaxseed and nuts eaten with whole-grain toast, and free fat yogurt or milk.
2- Lunch: eat some form of protein such as soybeans, tofu or grilled chicken, turkey, or fish with flaxseed or nut to keep fibers balance in the body. Also we can take some carbohydrates such as grilled potatoes, grain pasta, or brown rice. In the other hand vegetables as salad with olive oil and vinegar to supply several types of vitamins to the body. Add some ginger and pepper to boost metabolism and we should avoid all fried meals.
3- Liquids: drink at least one cup of green tea daily as it stimulate fat burning process. Dinking 1-1.5 liters of water is also very important.

 

Monday, January 9, 2012

Answer This Short case .

In a 61-year-old man with blood pressure reading of about 155/100 mmHg and elevated plasma renin activity,treatment with which of the following drugs would reduce blood pressure but further increase plasma renin activity ?
a-atenolol
b-clonidine
c-enalapril
d-guanethidina
e-methyldopa





Sunday, January 8, 2012

Answer This short medical case

A 60-year-old man suddenly becomes completely blind in one eye and angiography demonstrates occlusion of the central retinal artery.Which of the following is the most likely cause of occlusion ?
A_atheroma or embolism
B_cranial (temporal)arteritis
C_hypertension
D_polycythemia vera
E_tumor







Answer This short case .

A 6-month-old child has an eye surgically enucleated because it contains a retinoblastoma.To which of the following structures should the pathologist pay particular attention when evaluating the specimen?
  • A_anterior chamber.
  • B_cornea
  • C_Lens .
  • D_Optic nerve .
  • E_vitreous

6-Month-Old-Child-case