How To Perform A Tracheaostomy

A- Inject 1% novocain and adrinaline along anterior border of both sternomastoid muscles and along the upper border of thyroid cartilage.

B- No need for anesthesia in urgent cases.

C- The patient should be supine with extended neck.

D- Midline longitudinal incision from upper border of cricoid cartilage to suprasternal notch including “skin – subcutaneous tissue – platysma and fascia”.

E- Separate between sternohyoid and sternothyroid in the midline.

F- Retract thyroid isthmus upward.

G- Dissect pretracheal fascia from anterior tracheal wall.

H- Open trachea and avoid blood aspiration or cough reflex.

I Remove circular portion of 3, 4 tracheal rings.

J- Insert tube to be of same diameter of the opening.

K Close the wound.